7.4.1 Characteristics of non-evolutionary population

• Large size (no genetic drift)
• Random mating (no sexual selection)
• Stable environment (no natural selection)
• No immigration/emigration (no gene flow)
• No mutations

7.4.2 Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium

Gene frequency: 2 alleles p (dominant)& q (recessive)

$$ p+q=1 $$

Genotype frequency:

$$ p^2 +2pq+q^2 = 1 $$

$p^2$ symbols Homozygous dominant

$2pq$ symbols Heterozygous

$q^2$ symbols Homozygous recessive

When you are doing questions:

1. Find $q^2$
2. Calculate $q$
3. Calculate others